In this video Linus Sebastian is using a Razr Blade because that is the laptop he chose as a daily driver, but OP could use any laptop compatible with the enclosure.
I would like to add that using external GPUs is nothing new and there are people that have successfully attached high end external gpus even to old laptops like the glorious ThinkPad X220 (via an ExpressCard adapter).
Have you considered getting a laptop that lets you export PCIe lanes (i think they do that with Thunderbolt these days, not exactly sure) so you can use the external GPU of your choice?
You can purchase external PCI-E enclosures with a PSU that plugs in to Thunderbolt and you can put pretty much any GPU or any other PCI-E card in there. Some enclosures permit you to put two or even three cards inside, though the PSU can be quickly overwhelmed. Plug that in to a modern MBP running Windows 7 or Windows 8 and you suddenly have a Windows laptop with a top of the line NVidia card.
I was considering going this route for the past two months but was waiting to see what Razer and Alienware announced at CES and sure enough Alienware updated their entire line of laptops to support eGPU, though the Alienware enclosures AFAICS are primarily for GPUs rather than a general-purpose PCI enclosure.
Have you considered one of those Thunderbolt-based external GPU enclosures? I've never had the money to play around with them, but have always been curious about how to integrate one into a setup. Theoretically, it would let you upgrade the laptop and GPU separately, while also making the GPU more readily available to be reused on some other machine.
> no on an external GPU in the back since this is for the 13" which has no modular bay for internal GPU (They mean a USB4 -> PCIe dock for the external GPU).
You will need to buy a TB3 eGPU enclosure. These range anywhere from $200 to $500 and typically come without a GPU. There are some more expensive options (like the Aorus Gaming Box with a GTX 1070/1080 or RX 580) that already come with a GPU installed.
My personal recommendations are the Akitio Node Standard/Pro or Sonnet Breakaway Box 350/550/650. These companies are reputable companies in the Thunderbolt hardware realm.
Note that I am not affiliated with any of the companies mentioned above.
Physically impossible, no, but external GPUs definitely work right now with Intel processors but even they have their limitations related to usability moreso than technical issues. I have one now with a 1080 Ti off of an Intel NUC and not being able to see my BIOS without switching to the iGPU can be cumbersome when troubleshooting. Once in a while when I reboot (this is very frequent actually because my eGPU's PSU's power limiter cuts out if I forget to throttle the power usage) the GPU doesn't come back unless I hard cycle a couple times.
The annoyances are such that I'm waiting for a 3900X to be available in-store so I can build my full workstation finally after sitting on a NUC + eGPU setup for over a year.
I'm also considering that P14s AMD Gen4. But to do some ML stuff i need the damn Nvidia cuda cores :/ It has a USB4 port and could in theory run a eGPU but i can't find any infos if it would work.
Also it seams that the [1] intel 1360p is a bit faster? and i'm on the safer side because of real thunderbold support.
Since recently you can also get notebooks that have already built-in support for external GPUs: new Alienware line with "Graphics Amplifier" (Alienware 13, 15, 17) and MSI GS30 Shadow with "GamingDock":
Your external GPU may support USB4. Will depend on the enclosure.
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