Nope. The word "ponzi" has a specific meaning. Just because an asset is sold from one investor to another without producing anything, doesn't make it a ponzi scheme. Otherwise you could say gold is a ponzi, or oil is a ponzi, etc.
Capital requirements are still there. Banks taking deposits and lending it to people doesn't make something a ponzi. Having actual assets with real value and having the potential for liquidity problems is actually the opposite of a ponzi.
No, because a Ponzi scheme is one in which early investors are fraudulently paid "returns" out of the contribution of later investors. This is just speculation or a bubble (which I guess you could call "open Ponzi scheme", but that's a self contradicting term.)
I believe that may be correct, although in practice there is often/usually/historically-always (?) deception involved, because presumably no morally competent adult would willingly give their money to an honest Ponzi unless they knew they stood to benefit by being one of the first to pull out.
But as you point out, I don't think deception per se is really the defining feature of the Ponzi.
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