They can apply for permanent residence rather easily after working here for 10 years. This influx started in 2014 because of war, so I'd expect the permanent residence permits to hike in 2024. Also there's a shortcut if you can find any Polish nationality ancestor
(and it's quite common as Poland and Ukraine were one country for half of their history).
From anegdotal evidence it doesn't seem that the influx has stopped, 5 years ago it was rare to hear anybody speaking Russian/Ukrainian on the street, now it's a daily ocurrence.
Poland has a populist government, and alt-right movements flaring up a strong anti-immigration sentiment (especially against anyone from the east). So while permanent residence may be an option, or for some people a desperate need, it's not a pleasant one.
How did you come into such conclusion? I live in Poland and I do not agree with it. At least in southern part (Silesia, Katowice) we are really happy about the immigrants from east. They are really good workers, they have no problem in learning language, and are really similar when it comes to family and moral values.
I'm not Polish but I've spent a fair bit of time in Warsaw and I'd say the majority of people there are fine with it too - I mean, they complain but I wouldn't say they're actively opposed either. I do genuinely wonder if it might be a generational thing - I've noticed some of the older population aren't quite as happy.
The government is populist and very bad, but on this matter it's actually pro-Ukrainian. They gathered support creating anti-Muslim histeria, Ukrainians shouldn't have any problems with that.
Ukrainian and Polish are very similar languages and after 1 year you can learn the other one and speak with no recognizable accent (my cousin's wife is Ukrainian and nobody realizes that till she tells them).
There are nationalists that do have problems with imigrtion from Ukraine and Russia, but they are a marginal minority, not unlike the nationalists in UK protesting Polish immigration. They don't represent the mainstream opinion and aren't a threat in 99.99% of situations.
Similar to Polish people having German passports because their families lived in the former German areas before WW II. Germany and The Netherlands had lots of Polish workers for three decades already because of that, long before they joined the EU.
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