> The DOJ also said, "it is well settled that copying an attorney does not confer privilege" on its own.
One of my financial success goals was to have the lawyers that would be able to cite the case law supporting a statement like that.
I have that for some industries (and its a fools errand to have it for all industries all the time), and have learned a lot along the way. Its interesting to see organizations employ the utility of lawyers to this degree.
Aside from having reality shaping counsel, I like that it raises the cost of investigation by orders of magnitude. Makes the government think twice, or thrice, before inconveniencing anyone.
Imagine if that publicly traded company was pouring PFAS chemicals into drinking water supplies and using the same tactic. Except the local towns couldn't afford to fight so just had to put up with the externality of cancer in their children.
But we're glad their not inconvenienced by an investigation?
You chose to open a discussion on how great it is to have such sharp lawyers that their very presence discourages government investigation into a corporation's doings. What sort of doings require such shielding? Collaborative and harmless ones, surely?
I can't imagine many benign things that one would feel the need to cloak behind attorney-client privilege. Maybe a surprise party for a DOJ investigator?
We live in different worlds I don’t care enough to make examples but I do care enough to notice how routine this can become once you’ve gone out of the way to lay down the building blocks.
Google and some email clients suggest who to CC nowadays. You dont have to think about it. The counsel is already hired and there. Just CC and who cares what is being discussed. Thats what the article is about.
Think about the difference in power, many people get a lawyer for a reactionary reason. Because the threat and damage already occurred, the utility of a lawyer is extremely limited.
Alternatively when a lawyer is there preemptively, at all times, the threat is simply harder to materialize.
My point is that its much less likely that people were consciously trying to hide something - most of the time - which is my point. Everything can have a semblance of legal advice, putting the onus on the government to parse that first or decide if its even worth parsing that, in comparison to just getting a subpoena rubber stamped and railroading someone into prison. One is more expensive than the other. “Hm we don’t know what they did, what legal strategy they employed, and even if we got a subpoena on the little evidence we have, we cant use any of their communications for evidence, attempting parallel construction will leave us caught red handed, and we already know they have the funds to see this through, maybe we should stick with someone that cant afford their base level of rights”
Like a lawyer, it is extremely easy for me to compartmentalize my appreciation of the tools from the theoretical negative consequence you chose to imagine. I chose to imagine all the people that take plea deals from an overzealous government.
>My point is that its much less likely that people were consciously trying to hide something
The whole point of a policy is that people aren't consciously acting according to their whim. Like a document destruction policy.
But large companies often have hundreds of lawsuits going at any given time. So the policy would be introduced with the conscious intent that they would like to hide as much as they can regarding all of them.
You're damn right we do -- I don't share this fear that the government is going to be randomly "getting a subpoena rubber stamped and railroading someone into prison". Maybe this is a function of my ignorance of plight of the little-guy big-businessman, or maybe it's a function of the way I make a living. Are you engaging in financial activities that would invite government scrutiny?
>“Hm we don’t know what they did, what legal strategy they employed, and even if we got a subpoena on the little evidence we have, we cant use any of their communications for evidence, attempting parallel construction will leave us caught red handed, and we already know they have the funds to see this through, maybe we should stick with someone that cant afford their base level of rights”
Making one's particular malfeasance that much more difficult to investigate would indeed disincentivize beleaguered underfunded government white-collar crime investigators. Solid!
I’m just a Joe Average W-2 working stiff, but if I ever needed an attorney, I’d expect that I could divulge all the facts of my situation to them without those specific disclosures being subject to subpoena (5th Amendment and all).
To me, it’s not about “should this specific thing be cloaked behind privilege?” but rather “to make the attorney-client relationship productive and to make representation effective, they should be privileged”.
“You have nothing to fear if you have nothing to hide” is not an argument for much of anything and certainly not for by default removing the privileged nature of communication between an attorney and their client.
Exactly. Employees would be very reluctant to divulge anything if they thought it wasn't privileged. It would be an awful scenario where a bunch of bad stuff would keep happening and would never be stopped because you couldn't ever talk about it.
>To me, it’s not about “should this specific thing be cloaked behind privilege?” but rather “to make the attorney-client relationship productive and to make representation effective, they should be privileged”.
If Bob Jones emails Joe Schmoe and cc's Dewey Cheatham & Howe, maybe the communication to the lawyers is privileged, but why would the communication to Joe be privileged? It's neither to a lawyer nor asking for legal advice.
You don't need money to get a lawyer, you just need a case that can promise a big payday for a lawyer. If this scenario occurred, lawyers would be lining up to take the case for a small fee of 30% of profits, or whatever they can get these days.
I don't know why you'd be happy having the investigation cost orders of magnitude more, in a functioning democracy that's just straight up more money on your tax bill. Oh wait...
Yeah that's exactly the point I was making "I can spend my way out of this democratically passed law" is not really democracy is it. It's capitalism at the cost of democracy.
my thoughts on it are a bit deeper than that, but the simpler summary of those thoughts (which I haven't detailed) are that the inspiration didn't come from nowhere. there are enough examples where thats the case.
>it's just Google's lame attempt at creating a loophole.
That seems like sloppy terminology to me. I don't know why people want to call it a loophole.
If you steal a cookie from the cookie jar, with the (accurate) expectation that you probably won't be caught, there is no loophole. At least to me, the word implies a hole in the rules, not an issue with enforcement.
It’s pretty clearly abusive and not under the scope of AC privilege. In fact multiple cases have resulted in companies with similar behavior being forced to turn over the material.
I think you’re missing the point. Privileged communication isn’t a free for all. The communication must actually be relevant to the legal representative, in their position as a legal representative. The alternative would be that you could have the company lawyer CC’d on every document and so claim privilege against any request.
AC privilege is a critical part of the legal system, and so cannot be circumvented, so without an escape hatch for abuse, any company (or gov agency) could permanently shield everything they have from subpoenas, etc
Hence the rules for privilege set out that abuse of privilege can waive some or all privilege from your communication, even things that would otherwise be legitimately protected.
So blindly CC’ing counsel not only does not protect things that aren’t legitimate, but can remove protection from things that otherwise are.
>The communication must actually be relevant to the legal representative, in their position as a legal representative.
The only way for an outside party to determine that is to see the contents of the communications. If an outside party can see the contents of your communications, they are not private.
If they can provide evidence of systematic abuse, and per the article there is apparently even documentation telling employees to misuse privilege to shield communication that is not legally protected.
The party claiming malfeasance does not need to show actual invalid content, it is enough to show a systemic behavior or pattern of misuse. The inability to see the content in that misuse is why, in general, abuse of privilege doesn’t void AC privilege on a few documents, but can completely negate all of it.
Competent businesses do not try to be clever, and include training that says not to try simply cc’ing counsel on everything. Because if you are cc’ing counsel on everything you are very clearly making a case that the content of the communication isn’t relevant to whether or not you are including counsel, and so you can lose privilege.
As I said elsewhere, this isn’t new or novel, and is a very well understood limit on AC privilege.
If DoJ’s description is correct (and unless they are lying about the concrete evidentiary basis, including the specific slides, etc., included in the memorandum in support of the motion, there doesn't seem to be any way it could not be), Google’s behavior flagrantly violates the existing rules and no change is necessary to exclude it.
It can be simultaneously true that "everybody does it", that it's "clever", and that it's "abusive" and breaking the rules.
When people gamble on disobeying rules because the odds of being caught are low and so are the penalties, I think it's self-deception to call it a "loophole" with the implication that it's somehow legitimate.
Noooope. If what the DoJ is saying is true, then it’s pretty clearly abuse of privilege. I’m stunned if G did this, because other employers have made a point of saying not to do this (also I would be questioning why their own lawyers allowed it?)
The reason is very simple as I understand it: if you are found to have abused privilege a judge can decide that you lose privilege on relevant communication, and if you have something systematic as is being alleged here, then the judge may simply declare that you waived/forfeited privilege.
Abuse of privilege is not a novel, recent, or in anyway unreasonable claim. It is established law and has been for a very long time. Hell, It can also be brought up in civil cases between private entities.
Do not try to “technically” or “clever” your way around the legal system.
Can confirm. Although… I was just told that if I had a legit question for a lawyer I should not worry about bothering them because it could shield the conversation.
I also worked at a fang company. When I was there they decided after losing a big govt case they would auto-delete your email after some number of months, like 6 months, plus they would limit your email storage to a small amount to force you to constantly delete things to send and receive email. They were careful to explain it wasn't to hide anything, it was IT efficiency or some bs. It was an exchange system, so you had to constantly delete your old email to free up space. Then the final piece of the puzzle was most of us were semi-randomly under the auspices of a giant lawsuit (imagine 1000 random developers in a division, everyone employed on xyz date is included). They told us to save relevant email to the lawsuit, without providing us any mechanism to do this, or clarifying what email is relevant. This was Microsoft 20 years ago.
They also told us about the cc the lawyer trick and that it wouldn't work. It was extremely clear they were trying to avoid recording conversations. It's many years later and my current employer auto-deletes slack messages after a week (so everyone copies them to google docs to save things). We waste a ton of time trying to save off important things. At the same time many many important communications seem to happen on slack. Plus we have zoom meetings, we can record them, but they get auto-deleted after some number of months.
We incentivized the lawyers to waste time of the engineers.
wow this was exactly my experience few years ago. I was pissed off because there was lot of tribal information about products in older mails which was not documented anywhere and people working on products moved on to different teams/left the company and we used to rely heavily on these older mails to get product/customer insights.
I agree that it's not what's intended for ACP. But lots of companies use it and don't bother to educate their employees on the rules of what constitutes appropriate usage of ACP tagging.
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